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Al-Ahzab (The Combined Forces)

Verse 10of 73

إِذْ جَآءُوكُم مِّن فَوْقِكُمْ وَمِنْ أَسْفَلَ مِنكُمْ وَإِذْ زَاغَتِ ٱلْأَبْصَٰرُ وَبَلَغَتِ ٱلْقُلُوبُ ٱلْحَنَاجِرَ وَتَظُنُّونَ بِٱللَّهِ ٱلظُّنُونَا۠﴿١٠

Translation (Sahih International)

[Remember] when they came at you from above you and from below you, and when eyes shifted [in fear], and hearts reached the throats and you assumed about Allah [various] assumptions.

Word-by-word meaning

إِذْidhWhen
جَآءُوكُمjāūkumthey came upon you
مِّنminfrom
فَوْقِكُمْfawqikumabove you
وَمِنْwaminand from
أَسْفَلَasfalabelow
مِنكُمْminkumyou
وَإِذْwa-idhand when
زَاغَتِzāghatigrew wild
ٱلْأَبْصَـٰرُl-abṣāruthe eyes
وَبَلَغَتِwabalaghatiand reached
ٱلْقُلُوبُl-qulūbuthe hearts
ٱلْحَنَاجِرَl-ḥanājirathe throats
وَتَظُنُّونَwataẓunnūnaand you assumed
بِٱللَّهِbil-lahiabout Allah
ٱلظُّنُونَا۠l-ẓunūnāthe assumptions

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

The Campaign of the Confederates (Al-Ahzab)Allah tells us of the blessings and favors He bestowed upon His believing servants when He diverted their enemies and defeated them in the year when they gathered together and plotted. That was the year of Al-Khandaq, in Shawwal of the year 5 AH according to the well-known correct view. Musa bin `Uqbah and others said that it was in the year 4 AH.

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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