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Al-An'am (The Cattle)

Verse 165of 165

وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِى جَعَلَكُمْ خَلَٰٓئِفَ ٱلْأَرْضِ وَرَفَعَ بَعْضَكُمْ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍۢ دَرَجَٰتٍۢ لِّيَبْلُوَكُمْ فِى مَآ ءَاتَىٰكُمْ ۗ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ سَرِيعُ ٱلْعِقَابِ وَإِنَّهُۥ لَغَفُورٌۭ رَّحِيمٌۢ﴿١٦٥

Translation (Sahih International)

And it is He who has made you successors upon the earth and has raised some of you above others in degrees [of rank] that He may try you through what He has given you. Indeed, your Lord is swift in penalty; but indeed, He is Forgiving and Merciful.

Word-by-word meaning

وَهُوَwahuwaAnd He
ٱلَّذِىalladhī(is) the One Who
جَعَلَكُمْjaʿalakum(has) made you
خَلَـٰٓئِفَkhalāifasuccessors
ٱلْأَرْضِl-arḍi(of) the earth
وَرَفَعَwarafaʿaand raised
بَعْضَكُمْbaʿḍakumsome of you
فَوْقَfawqaabove
بَعْضٍۢbaʿḍinothers
دَرَجَـٰتٍۢdarajātin(in) ranks
لِّيَبْلُوَكُمْliyabluwakumso that He may test you
فِىin
مَآwhat
ءَاتَىٰكُمْ ۗātākumHe has given you
إِنَّinnaIndeed
رَبَّكَrabbakayour Lord
سَرِيعُsarīʿu(is) swift
ٱلْعِقَابِl-ʿiqābi(in) the punishment
وَإِنَّهُۥwa-innahuand indeed, He (is)
لَغَفُورٌۭlaghafūrun[certainly], Oft-Forgiving
رَّحِيمٌۢraḥīmunMost Merciful

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

Allah Made Mankind Dwellers on the earth, Generation After Generation, of Various Grades, in order to Test ThemAllah said,وَهُوَ الَّذِى جَعَلَكُمْ خَلَـئِفَ الاٌّرْضِ(And it is He Who has made you generations coming after generations, replacing each other on the earth.) meaning, He made you dwell on the earth generation after generation, century after century and offspring after forefathers, according to Ibn Zayd and others.

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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