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Al-Anfal (The Spoils of War)

Verse 15of 75

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِذَا لَقِيتُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ زَحْفًۭا فَلَا تُوَلُّوهُمُ ٱلْأَدْبَارَ﴿١٥

Translation (Sahih International)

O you who have believed, when you meet those who disbelieve advancing [for battle], do not turn to them your backs [in flight].

Word-by-word meaning

يَـٰٓأَيُّهَاyāayyuhāO you
ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnawho
ءَامَنُوٓا۟āmanūbelieve
إِذَاidhāWhen
لَقِيتُمُlaqītumuyou meet
ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose who
كَفَرُوا۟kafarūdisbelieve
زَحْفًۭاzaḥfanadvancing
فَلَاfalāthen (do) not
تُوَلُّوهُمُtuwallūhumuturn to them
ٱلْأَدْبَارَl-adbārathe backs

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

Fleeing from Battle is prohibited, and its PunishmentAllah said, while warning against fleeing from the battlefield and threatening those who do it with the Fire,يَـأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ إِذَا لَقِيتُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ زَحْفاً(O you who believe! When you meet those who disbelieve, in a battlefield,) when you get near the enemy and march towards them,فَلاَ تُوَلُّوهُمُ الأَدْبَارَ(never turn your backs to them.

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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