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Al-Ma'idah (The Table Spread)

Verse 6of 120

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِذَا قُمْتُمْ إِلَى ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ فَٱغْسِلُوا۟ وُجُوهَكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْ إِلَى ٱلْمَرَافِقِ وَٱمْسَحُوا۟ بِرُءُوسِكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُمْ إِلَى ٱلْكَعْبَيْنِ ۚ وَإِن كُنتُمْ جُنُبًۭا فَٱطَّهَّرُوا۟ ۚ وَإِن كُنتُم مَّرْضَىٰٓ أَوْ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٍ أَوْ جَآءَ أَحَدٌۭ مِّنكُم مِّنَ ٱلْغَآئِطِ أَوْ لَٰمَسْتُمُ ٱلنِّسَآءَ فَلَمْ تَجِدُوا۟ مَآءًۭ فَتَيَمَّمُوا۟ صَعِيدًۭا طَيِّبًۭا فَٱمْسَحُوا۟ بِوُجُوهِكُمْ وَأَيْدِيكُم مِّنْهُ ۚ مَا يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ لِيَجْعَلَ عَلَيْكُم مِّنْ حَرَجٍۢ وَلَٰكِن يُرِيدُ لِيُطَهِّرَكُمْ وَلِيُتِمَّ نِعْمَتَهُۥ عَلَيْكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ﴿٦

Translation (Sahih International)

O you who have believed, when you rise to [perform] prayer, wash your faces and your forearms to the elbows and wipe over your heads and wash your feet to the ankles. And if you are in a state of janabah, then purify yourselves. But if you are ill or on a journey or one of you comes from the place of relieving himself or you have contacted women and do not find water, then seek clean earth and wipe over your faces and hands with it. Allah does not intend to make difficulty for you, but He intends to purify you and complete His favor upon you that you may be grateful.

Word-by-word meaning

يَـٰٓأَيُّهَاyāayyuhāO you
ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnawho
ءَامَنُوٓا۟āmanūbelieve
إِذَاidhāWhen
قُمْتُمْqum'tumyou stand up
إِلَىilāfor
ٱلصَّلَوٰةِl-ṣalatithe prayer
فَٱغْسِلُوا۟fa-igh'silūthen wash
وُجُوهَكُمْwujūhakumyour faces
وَأَيْدِيَكُمْwa-aydiyakumand your hands
إِلَىilātill
ٱلْمَرَافِقِl-marāfiqithe elbows
وَٱمْسَحُوا۟wa-im'saḥūand wipe
بِرُءُوسِكُمْbiruūsikumyour heads
وَأَرْجُلَكُمْwa-arjulakumand your feet
إِلَىilātill
ٱلْكَعْبَيْنِ ۚl-kaʿbaynithe ankles
وَإِنwa-inBut if
كُنتُمْkuntumyou are
جُنُبًۭاjunuban(in) a state of ceremonial impurity
فَٱطَّهَّرُوا۟ ۚfa-iṭṭahharūthen purify yourselves
وَإِنwa-inBut if
كُنتُمkuntumyou are
مَّرْضَىٰٓmarḍāill
أَوْawor
عَلَىٰʿalāon
سَفَرٍsafarina journey
أَوْawor
جَآءَjāahas come
أَحَدٌۭaḥadunanyone
مِّنكُمminkumof you
مِّنَminafrom
ٱلْغَآئِطِl-ghāiṭithe toilet
أَوْawor
لَـٰمَسْتُمُlāmastumuhas (had) contact
ٱلنِّسَآءَl-nisāa(with) the women
فَلَمْfalamand not
تَجِدُوا۟tajidūyou find
مَآءًۭmāanwater
فَتَيَمَّمُوا۟fatayammamūthen do tayyammum
صَعِيدًۭاṣaʿīdan(with) earth
طَيِّبًۭاṭayyibanclean
فَٱمْسَحُوا۟fa-im'saḥūthen wipe
بِوُجُوهِكُمْbiwujūhikumyour faces
وَأَيْدِيكُمwa-aydīkumand your hands
مِّنْهُ ۚmin'huwith it
مَاDoes not
يُرِيدُyurīduintend
ٱللَّهُl-lahuAllah
لِيَجْعَلَliyajʿalato make
عَلَيْكُمʿalaykumfor you
مِّنْminany
حَرَجٍۢḥarajindifficulty
وَلَـٰكِنwalākinbut
يُرِيدُyurīduHe intends
لِيُطَهِّرَكُمْliyuṭahhirakumto purify you
وَلِيُتِمَّwaliyutimmaand to complete
نِعْمَتَهُۥniʿ'matahuHis Favor
عَلَيْكُمْʿalaykumupon you
لَعَلَّكُمْlaʿallakumso that you may
تَشْكُرُونَtashkurūna(be) grateful

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

The Order to Perform WuduAllah said,إِذَا قُمْتُمْ إِلَى الصَّلوةِ(When you stand for (intend to offer) the Salah,) Allah commanded performing Wudu' for the prayer. This is a command of obligation in the case of impurity, and in the case of purity, it is merely a recommendation. It was said that in the beginning of Islam, Muslims had to perform Wudu' for every prayer, but later on, this ruling was abrogated.

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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