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Al-Ma'idah (The Table Spread)

Verse 82of 120

۞ لَتَجِدَنَّ أَشَدَّ ٱلنَّاسِ عَدَٰوَةًۭ لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ ٱلْيَهُودَ وَٱلَّذِينَ أَشْرَكُوا۟ ۖ وَلَتَجِدَنَّ أَقْرَبَهُم مَّوَدَّةًۭ لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓا۟ إِنَّا نَصَٰرَىٰ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ مِنْهُمْ قِسِّيسِينَ وَرُهْبَانًۭا وَأَنَّهُمْ لَا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ﴿٨٢

Translation (Sahih International)

You will surely find the most intense of the people in animosity toward the believers [to be] the Jews and those who associate others with Allah; and you will find the nearest of them in affection to the believers those who say, "We are Christians." That is because among them are priests and monks and because they are not arrogant.

Word-by-word meaning

۞ لَتَجِدَنَّlatajidannaSurely you will find
أَشَدَّashaddastrongest
ٱلنَّاسِl-nāsi(of) the people
عَدَٰوَةًۭʿadāwatan(in) enmity
لِّلَّذِينَlilladhīnato those who
ءَامَنُوا۟āmanūbelieve
ٱلْيَهُودَl-yahūdathe Jews
وَٱلَّذِينَwa-alladhīnaand those who
أَشْرَكُوا۟ ۖashrakū(are) polytheists
وَلَتَجِدَنَّwalatajidannaand surely you will find
أَقْرَبَهُمaqrabahumnearest of them
مَّوَدَّةًۭmawaddatan(in) affection
لِّلَّذِينَlilladhīnato those who
ءَامَنُوا۟āmanūbelieve
ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose who
قَالُوٓا۟qālūsay
إِنَّاinnāWe
نَصَـٰرَىٰ ۚnaṣārā(are) Christians
ذَٰلِكَdhālikaThat (is)
بِأَنَّbi-annabecause
مِنْهُمْmin'humamong them
قِسِّيسِينَqissīsīna(are) priests
وَرُهْبَانًۭاwaruh'bānanand monks
وَأَنَّهُمْwa-annahumand that they
لَا(are) not
يَسْتَكْبِرُونَyastakbirūnaarrogant

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

The Reason Behind Revealing these AyatSa`id bin Jubayr, As-Suddi and others said that these Ayat were revealed concerning a delegation that An-Najashi (King of Ethiopia) sent to the Prophet in order to hear his words and observe his qualities. When the delegation met with the Prophet and he recited the Qur'an to them, they embraced Islam, cried and were humbled. Then they returned to An-Najashi and told him what happened.

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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