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An-Nur (The Light)

Verse 31of 64

وَقُل لِّلْمُؤْمِنَٰتِ يَغْضُضْنَ مِنْ أَبْصَٰرِهِنَّ وَيَحْفَظْنَ فُرُوجَهُنَّ وَلَا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا ۖ وَلْيَضْرِبْنَ بِخُمُرِهِنَّ عَلَىٰ جُيُوبِهِنَّ ۖ وَلَا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا لِبُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوْ ءَابَآئِهِنَّ أَوْ ءَابَآءِ بُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوْ أَبْنَآئِهِنَّ أَوْ أَبْنَآءِ بُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوْ إِخْوَٰنِهِنَّ أَوْ بَنِىٓ إِخْوَٰنِهِنَّ أَوْ بَنِىٓ أَخَوَٰتِهِنَّ أَوْ نِسَآئِهِنَّ أَوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَٰنُهُنَّ أَوِ ٱلتَّٰبِعِينَ غَيْرِ أُو۟لِى ٱلْإِرْبَةِ مِنَ ٱلرِّجَالِ أَوِ ٱلطِّفْلِ ٱلَّذِينَ لَمْ يَظْهَرُوا۟ عَلَىٰ عَوْرَٰتِ ٱلنِّسَآءِ ۖ وَلَا يَضْرِبْنَ بِأَرْجُلِهِنَّ لِيُعْلَمَ مَا يُخْفِينَ مِن زِينَتِهِنَّ ۚ وَتُوبُوٓا۟ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ جَمِيعًا أَيُّهَ ٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ﴿٣١

Translation (Sahih International)

And tell the believing women to reduce [some] of their vision and guard their private parts and not expose their adornment except that which [necessarily] appears thereof and to wrap [a portion of] their headcovers over their chests and not expose their adornment except to their husbands, their fathers, their husbands' fathers, their sons, their husbands' sons, their brothers, their brothers' sons, their sisters' sons, their women, that which their right hands possess, or those male attendants having no physical desire, or children who are not yet aware of the private aspects of women. And let them not stamp their feet to make known what they conceal of their adornment. And turn to Allah in repentance, all of you, O believers, that you might succeed.

Word-by-word meaning

وَقُلwaqulAnd say
لِّلْمُؤْمِنَـٰتِlil'mu'minātito the believing women
يَغْضُضْنَyaghḍuḍ'na(that) they should lower
مِنْmin[of]
أَبْصَـٰرِهِنَّabṣārihinnatheir gaze
وَيَحْفَظْنَwayaḥfaẓnaand they should guard
فُرُوجَهُنَّfurūjahunnatheir chastity
وَلَاwalāand not
يُبْدِينَyub'dīna(to) display
زِينَتَهُنَّzīnatahunnatheir adornment
إِلَّاillāexcept
مَاwhat
ظَهَرَẓaharais apparent
مِنْهَا ۖmin'hāof it
وَلْيَضْرِبْنَwalyaḍrib'naAnd let them draw
بِخُمُرِهِنَّbikhumurihinnatheir head covers
عَلَىٰʿalāover
جُيُوبِهِنَّ ۖjuyūbihinnatheir bosoms
وَلَاwalāand not
يُبْدِينَyub'dīna(to) display
زِينَتَهُنَّzīnatahunnatheir adornment
إِلَّاillāexcept
لِبُعُولَتِهِنَّlibuʿūlatihinnato their husbands
أَوْawor
ءَابَآئِهِنَّābāihinnatheir fathers
أَوْawor
ءَابَآءِābāifathers
بُعُولَتِهِنَّbuʿūlatihinna(of) their husbands
أَوْawor
أَبْنَآئِهِنَّabnāihinnatheir sons
أَوْawor
أَبْنَآءِabnāisons
بُعُولَتِهِنَّbuʿūlatihinna(of) their husbands
أَوْawor
إِخْوَٰنِهِنَّikh'wānihinnatheir brothers
أَوْawor
بَنِىٓbanīsons
إِخْوَٰنِهِنَّikh'wānihinna(of) their brothers
أَوْawor
بَنِىٓbanīsons
أَخَوَٰتِهِنَّakhawātihinna(of) their sisters
أَوْawor
نِسَآئِهِنَّnisāihinnatheir women
أَوْawor
مَاwhat
مَلَكَتْmalakatpossess
أَيْمَـٰنُهُنَّaymānuhunnatheir right hands
أَوِawior
ٱلتَّـٰبِعِينَl-tābiʿīnathe attendants
غَيْرِghayrihaving no physical desire
أُو۟لِىulīhaving no physical desire
ٱلْإِرْبَةِl-ir'batihaving no physical desire
مِنَminaamong
ٱلرِّجَالِl-rijāli[the] men
أَوِawior
ٱلطِّفْلِl-ṭif'li[the] children
ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnawho
لَمْlam(are) not
يَظْهَرُوا۟yaẓharūaware
عَلَىٰʿalāof
عَوْرَٰتِʿawrātiprivate aspects
ٱلنِّسَآءِ ۖl-nisāi(of) the women
وَلَاwalāAnd not
يَضْرِبْنَyaḍrib'nalet them stamp
بِأَرْجُلِهِنَّbi-arjulihinnatheir feet
لِيُعْلَمَliyuʿ'lamato make known
مَاwhat
يُخْفِينَyukh'fīnathey conceal
مِنminof
زِينَتِهِنَّ ۚzīnatihinnatheir adornment
وَتُوبُوٓا۟watūbūAnd turn
إِلَىilāto
ٱللَّهِl-lahiAllah
جَمِيعًاjamīʿanaltogether
أَيُّهَayyuhaO believers
ٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَl-mu'minūnaO believers
لَعَلَّكُمْlaʿallakumSo that you may
تُفْلِحُونَtuf'liḥūnasucceed

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

The Rulings of HijabThis is a command from Allah to the believing women, and jealousy on His part over the wives of His believing servants. It is also to distinguish the believing women from the women of the Jahiliyyah and the deeds of the pagan women.

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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