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An-Nur (The Light)

Verse 40of 64

أَوْ كَظُلُمَٰتٍۢ فِى بَحْرٍۢ لُّجِّىٍّۢ يَغْشَىٰهُ مَوْجٌۭ مِّن فَوْقِهِۦ مَوْجٌۭ مِّن فَوْقِهِۦ سَحَابٌۭ ۚ ظُلُمَٰتٌۢ بَعْضُهَا فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ إِذَآ أَخْرَجَ يَدَهُۥ لَمْ يَكَدْ يَرَىٰهَا ۗ وَمَن لَّمْ يَجْعَلِ ٱللَّهُ لَهُۥ نُورًۭا فَمَا لَهُۥ مِن نُّورٍ﴿٤٠

Translation (Sahih International)

Or [they are] like darknesses within an unfathomable sea which is covered by waves, upon which are waves, over which are clouds - darknesses, some of them upon others. When one puts out his hand [therein], he can hardly see it. And he to whom Allah has not granted light - for him there is no light.

Word-by-word meaning

أَوْawOr
كَظُلُمَـٰتٍۢkaẓulumātin(is) like (the) darkness[es]
فِىin
بَحْرٍۢbaḥrina sea
لُّجِّىٍّۢlujjiyyindeep
يَغْشَىٰهُyaghshāhucovers it
مَوْجٌۭmawjuna wave
مِّنminon it
فَوْقِهِۦfawqihion it
مَوْجٌۭmawjuna wave
مِّنminon it
فَوْقِهِۦfawqihion it
سَحَابٌۭ ۚsaḥābuna cloud
ظُلُمَـٰتٌۢẓulumātundarkness[es]
بَعْضُهَاbaʿḍuhāsome of it
فَوْقَfawqaon
بَعْضٍbaʿḍinothers
إِذَآidhāWhen
أَخْرَجَakhrajahe puts out
يَدَهُۥyadahuhis hand
لَمْlamhardly
يَكَدْyakadhardly
يَرَىٰهَا ۗyarāhāhe (can) see it
وَمَنwamanAnd (for) whom
لَّمْlamnot
يَجْعَلِyajʿaliAllah (has) made
ٱللَّهُl-lahuAllah (has) made
لَهُۥlahufor him
نُورًۭاnūrana light
فَمَاfamāthen not
لَهُۥlahufor him
مِنmin(is) any
نُّورٍnūrinlight

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

Two Examples of two kinds of DisbelieversThese are two examples which Allah sets forth of two kinds of disbelievers. Similarly He sets forth two parables of the hypocrites at the beginning of Surat Al-Baqarah: one involving fire and the other involving water.

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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