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Ar-Ra'd (The Thunder)

Verse 11of 43

لَهُۥ مُعَقِّبَٰتٌۭ مِّنۢ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِۦ يَحْفَظُونَهُۥ مِنْ أَمْرِ ٱللَّهِ ۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُغَيِّرُ مَا بِقَوْمٍ حَتَّىٰ يُغَيِّرُوا۟ مَا بِأَنفُسِهِمْ ۗ وَإِذَآ أَرَادَ ٱللَّهُ بِقَوْمٍۢ سُوٓءًۭا فَلَا مَرَدَّ لَهُۥ ۚ وَمَا لَهُم مِّن دُونِهِۦ مِن وَالٍ﴿١١

Translation (Sahih International)

For each one are successive [angels] before and behind him who protect him by the decree of Allah. Indeed, Allah will not change the condition of a people until they change what is in themselves. And when Allah intends for a people ill, there is no repelling it. And there is not for them besides Him any patron.

Word-by-word meaning

لَهُۥlahuFor him
مُعَقِّبَـٰتٌۭmuʿaqqibātun(are) successive (Angels)
مِّنۢminfrom
بَيْنِbayni(before)
يَدَيْهِyadayhi(him)
وَمِنْwaminand from
خَلْفِهِۦkhalfihiand behind him
يَحْفَظُونَهُۥyaḥfaẓūnahuwho guard him
مِنْminby
أَمْرِamri(the) command
ٱللَّهِ ۗl-lahi(of) Allah
إِنَّinnaIndeed
ٱللَّهَl-lahaAllah
لَا(does) not
يُغَيِّرُyughayyiruchange
مَا(the condition)
بِقَوْمٍbiqawminof a people
حَتَّىٰḥattāuntil
يُغَيِّرُوا۟yughayyirūthey change
مَاwhat
بِأَنفُسِهِمْ ۗbi-anfusihim(is) in themselves
وَإِذَآwa-idhāAnd when
أَرَادَarādawills
ٱللَّهُl-lahuAllah
بِقَوْمٍۢbiqawminfor a people
سُوٓءًۭاsūanmisfortune
فَلَاfalāthen (there is) no
مَرَدَّmaraddaturning away
لَهُۥ ۚlahuof it
وَمَاwamāand not
لَهُمlahumfor them
مِّنminfrom
دُونِهِۦdūnihibesides Him
مِنminany
وَالٍwālinprotector

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

Allah's Knowledge encompasses all Things Apparent and HiddenAllah declares that His knowledge is encompassing all of His creation, those who declare their speech or hide it, He hears it and nothing of it ever escapes His observation. Allah said in other Ayat,وَإِن تَجْهَرْ بِالْقَوْلِ فَإِنَّهُ يَعْلَمُ السِّرَّ وَأَخْفَى(And if you speak aloud, then verily, He knows the secret and that which is yet more hidden.

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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