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Al-Ahqaf (The Wind-Curved Sandhills)

Verse 15of 35

وَوَصَّيْنَا ٱلْإِنسَٰنَ بِوَٰلِدَيْهِ إِحْسَٰنًا ۖ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُۥ كُرْهًۭا وَوَضَعَتْهُ كُرْهًۭا ۖ وَحَمْلُهُۥ وَفِصَٰلُهُۥ ثَلَٰثُونَ شَهْرًا ۚ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُۥ وَبَلَغَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةًۭ قَالَ رَبِّ أَوْزِعْنِىٓ أَنْ أَشْكُرَ نِعْمَتَكَ ٱلَّتِىٓ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَىَّ وَعَلَىٰ وَٰلِدَىَّ وَأَنْ أَعْمَلَ صَٰلِحًۭا تَرْضَىٰهُ وَأَصْلِحْ لِى فِى ذُرِّيَّتِىٓ ۖ إِنِّى تُبْتُ إِلَيْكَ وَإِنِّى مِنَ ٱلْمُسْلِمِينَ﴿١٥

Translation (Sahih International)

And We have enjoined upon man, to his parents, good treatment. His mother carried him with hardship and gave birth to him with hardship, and his gestation and weaning [period] is thirty months. [He grows] until, when he reaches maturity and reaches [the age of] forty years, he says, "My Lord, enable me to be grateful for Your favor which You have bestowed upon me and upon my parents and to work righteousness of which You will approve and make righteous for me my offspring. Indeed, I have repented to You, and indeed, I am of the Muslims."

Word-by-word meaning

وَوَصَّيْنَاwawaṣṣaynāAnd We have enjoined
ٱلْإِنسَـٰنَl-insāna(on) man
بِوَٰلِدَيْهِbiwālidayhito his parents
إِحْسَـٰنًا ۖiḥ'sānankindness
حَمَلَتْهُḥamalathuCarried him
أُمُّهُۥummuhuhis mother
كُرْهًۭاkur'han(with) hardship
وَوَضَعَتْهُwawaḍaʿathuand gave birth to him
كُرْهًۭا ۖkur'han(with) hardship
وَحَمْلُهُۥwaḥamluhuAnd (the) bearing of him
وَفِصَـٰلُهُۥwafiṣāluhuand (the) weaning of him
ثَلَـٰثُونَthalāthūna(is) thirty
شَهْرًا ۚshahranmonth(s)
حَتَّىٰٓḥattāuntil
إِذَاidhāwhen
بَلَغَbalaghahe reaches
أَشُدَّهُۥashuddahuhis maturity
وَبَلَغَwabalaghaand reaches
أَرْبَعِينَarbaʿīnaforty
سَنَةًۭsanatanyear(s)
قَالَqālahe says
رَبِّrabbiMy Lord
أَوْزِعْنِىٓawziʿ'nīgrant me (the) power
أَنْanthat
أَشْكُرَashkuraI may be grateful
نِعْمَتَكَniʿ'mataka(for) Your favor
ٱلَّتِىٓallatīwhich
أَنْعَمْتَanʿamtaYou have bestowed
عَلَىَّʿalayyaupon me
وَعَلَىٰwaʿalāand upon
وَٰلِدَىَّwālidayyamy parents
وَأَنْwa-anand that
أَعْمَلَaʿmalaI do
صَـٰلِحًۭاṣāliḥanrighteous (deeds)
تَرْضَىٰهُtarḍāhuwhich please You
وَأَصْلِحْwa-aṣliḥand make righteous
لِىfor me
فِىamong
ذُرِّيَّتِىٓ ۖdhurriyyatīmy offspring
إِنِّىinnīindeed
تُبْتُtub'tuI turn
إِلَيْكَilaykato You
وَإِنِّىwa-innīand indeed, I am
مِنَminaof
ٱلْمُسْلِمِينَl-mus'limīnathose who submit

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

Allah's Advice about the ParentsAfter mentioning that one must confess His Oneness, worship Him with sincerity, and remain upright in obeying Him, Allah follows that by giving instructions regarding the parents. These appear together in many places of the Qur'an, such as Allah's saying,وَقَضَى رَبُّكَ أَلاَّ تَعْبُدُواْ إِلاَّ إِيَّـهُ وَبِالْوَلِدَيْنِ إِحْسَـناً(Your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him, and that you be dutiful to your parents.

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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