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Al-Anfal (The Spoils of War)

Verse 34of 75

وَمَا لَهُمْ أَلَّا يُعَذِّبَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَهُمْ يَصُدُّونَ عَنِ ٱلْمَسْجِدِ ٱلْحَرَامِ وَمَا كَانُوٓا۟ أَوْلِيَآءَهُۥٓ ۚ إِنْ أَوْلِيَآؤُهُۥٓ إِلَّا ٱلْمُتَّقُونَ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ﴿٣٤

Translation (Sahih International)

But why should Allah not punish them while they obstruct [people] from al-Masjid al- Haram and they were not [fit to be] its guardians? Its [true] guardians are not but the righteous, but most of them do not know.

Word-by-word meaning

وَمَاwamāBut what
لَهُمْlahum(is) for them
أَلَّاallāthat not
يُعَذِّبَهُمُyuʿadhibahumu(should) punish them
ٱللَّهُl-lahuAllah
وَهُمْwahumwhile they
يَصُدُّونَyaṣuddūnahinder (people)
عَنِʿanifrom
ٱلْمَسْجِدِl-masjidiAl-Masjid
ٱلْحَرَامِl-ḥarāmiAl-Haraam
وَمَاwamāwhile not
كَانُوٓا۟kānūthey are
أَوْلِيَآءَهُۥٓ ۚawliyāahuits guardians
إِنْinNot (can be)
أَوْلِيَآؤُهُۥٓawliyāuhuits guardians
إِلَّاillāexcept
ٱلْمُتَّقُونَl-mutaqūnathe ones who fear Allah
وَلَـٰكِنَّwalākinnabut
أَكْثَرَهُمْaktharahummost of them
لَا(do) not
يَعْلَمُونَyaʿlamūnaknow

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

The Idolators deserved Allah's Torment after Their AtrocitiesAllah states that the idolators deserved the torment, but He did not torment them in honor of the Prophet residing among them. After Allah allowed the Prophet to migrate away from them, He sent His torment upon them on the day of Badr. During that battle, the chief pagans were killed, or captured. Allah also directed them to seek forgiveness for the sins, Shirk and wickedness they indulged in.

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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