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Al-Anfal (The Spoils of War)

Verse 48of 75

وَإِذْ زَيَّنَ لَهُمُ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنُ أَعْمَٰلَهُمْ وَقَالَ لَا غَالِبَ لَكُمُ ٱلْيَوْمَ مِنَ ٱلنَّاسِ وَإِنِّى جَارٌۭ لَّكُمْ ۖ فَلَمَّا تَرَآءَتِ ٱلْفِئَتَانِ نَكَصَ عَلَىٰ عَقِبَيْهِ وَقَالَ إِنِّى بَرِىٓءٌۭ مِّنكُمْ إِنِّىٓ أَرَىٰ مَا لَا تَرَوْنَ إِنِّىٓ أَخَافُ ٱللَّهَ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ شَدِيدُ ٱلْعِقَابِ﴿٤٨

Translation (Sahih International)

And [remember] when Satan made their deeds pleasing to them and said, "No one can overcome you today from among the people, and indeed, I am your protector." But when the two armies sighted each other, he turned on his heels and said, "Indeed, I am disassociated from you. Indeed, I see what you do not see; indeed I fear Allah. And Allah is severe in penalty."

Word-by-word meaning

وَإِذْwa-idhAnd when
زَيَّنَzayyanamade fair-seeming
لَهُمُlahumuto them
ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنُl-shayṭānuthe Shaitaan
أَعْمَـٰلَهُمْaʿmālahumtheir deeds
وَقَالَwaqālaand he said
لَاNo (one)
غَالِبَghāliba(can) overcome
لَكُمُlakumu[to] you
ٱلْيَوْمَl-yawmatoday
مِنَminafrom
ٱلنَّاسِl-nāsithe people
وَإِنِّىwa-innīand indeed, I am
جَارٌۭjāruna neighbor
لَّكُمْ ۖlakumfor you
فَلَمَّاfalammāBut when
تَرَآءَتِtarāaticame in sight
ٱلْفِئَتَانِl-fi-atānithe two forces
نَكَصَnakaṣahe turned away
عَلَىٰʿalāon
عَقِبَيْهِʿaqibayhihis heels
وَقَالَwaqālaand said
إِنِّىinnīIndeed, I am
بَرِىٓءٌۭbarīonfree
مِّنكُمْminkumof you
إِنِّىٓinnīIndeed, I
أَرَىٰarāsee
مَاwhat
لَاnot
تَرَوْنَtarawnayou see
إِنِّىٓinnīindeed, I
أَخَافُakhāfu[I] fear
ٱللَّهَ ۚl-lahaAllah
وَٱللَّهُwal-lahuAnd Allah
شَدِيدُshadīdu(is) severe
ٱلْعِقَابِl-ʿiqābi(in) the penalty

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

The Idolators leave Makkah, heading for BadrAfter Allah commanded the believers to fight in His cause sincerely and to be mindful of Him, He commanded not to imitate the idolators, who went out of their homesبَطَراً(boastfully) to suppress the truth,وَرِئَآءَ النَّاسِ(and to be seen of men), boasting arrogantly with people.

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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