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Al-Baqarah (The Cow)

Verse 234of 286

وَٱلَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَٰجًۭا يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍۢ وَعَشْرًۭا ۖ فَإِذَا بَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ فِىٓ أَنفُسِهِنَّ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌۭ﴿٢٣٤

Translation (Sahih International)

And those who are taken in death among you and leave wives behind - they, [the wives, shall] wait four months and ten [days]. And when they have fulfilled their term, then there is no blame upon you for what they do with themselves in an acceptable manner. And Allah is [fully] Acquainted with what you do.

Word-by-word meaning

وَٱلَّذِينَwa-alladhīnaAnd those who
يُتَوَفَّوْنَyutawaffawnapass away
مِنكُمْminkumamong you
وَيَذَرُونَwayadharūnaand leave behind
أَزْوَٰجًۭاazwājanwives
يَتَرَبَّصْنَyatarabbaṣna(the widows) should wait
بِأَنفُسِهِنَّbi-anfusihinnafor themselves
أَرْبَعَةَarbaʿata(for) four
أَشْهُرٍۢashhurinmonths
وَعَشْرًۭا ۖwaʿashranand ten (days)
فَإِذَاfa-idhāThen when
بَلَغْنَbalaghnathey reach
أَجَلَهُنَّajalahunnatheir (specified) term
فَلَاfalāthen (there is) no
جُنَاحَjunāḥablame
عَلَيْكُمْʿalaykumupon you
فِيمَاfīmāfor what
فَعَلْنَfaʿalnathey do
فِىٓconcerning
أَنفُسِهِنَّanfusihinnathemselves
بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ ۗbil-maʿrūfiin a fair manner
وَٱللَّهُwal-lahuAnd Allah
بِمَاbimāof what
تَعْمَلُونَtaʿmalūnayou do
خَبِيرٌۭkhabīrun(is) All-Aware

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

The `Iddah (Waiting Period) of the WidowThis Ayah contains a command from Allah to the wives whose husbands die, that they should observe a period of `Iddah of four months and ten nights, including the cases where the marriage was consummated or otherwise, according to the consensus (of the scholars).The proof that this ruling includes the case where the marriage was not consummated is included in the general meaning of the Ayah.

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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