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Al-Hashr (The Exile)

Verse 2of 24

هُوَ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَخْرَجَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ مِنْ أَهْلِ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ مِن دِيَٰرِهِمْ لِأَوَّلِ ٱلْحَشْرِ ۚ مَا ظَنَنتُمْ أَن يَخْرُجُوا۟ ۖ وَظَنُّوٓا۟ أَنَّهُم مَّانِعَتُهُمْ حُصُونُهُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ فَأَتَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَمْ يَحْتَسِبُوا۟ ۖ وَقَذَفَ فِى قُلُوبِهِمُ ٱلرُّعْبَ ۚ يُخْرِبُونَ بُيُوتَهُم بِأَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَيْدِى ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَٱعْتَبِرُوا۟ يَٰٓأُو۟لِى ٱلْأَبْصَٰرِ﴿٢

Translation (Sahih International)

It is He who expelled the ones who disbelieved among the People of the Scripture from their homes at the first gathering. You did not think they would leave, and they thought that their fortresses would protect them from Allah; but [the decree of] Allah came upon them from where they had not expected, and He cast terror into their hearts [so] they destroyed their houses by their [own] hands and the hands of the believers. So take warning, O people of vision.

Word-by-word meaning

هُوَhuwaHe
ٱلَّذِىٓalladhī(is) the One Who
أَخْرَجَakhrajaexpelled
ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose who
كَفَرُوا۟kafarūdisbelieved
مِنْminfrom
أَهْلِahli(the) People
ٱلْكِتَـٰبِl-kitābi(of) the Scripture
مِنminfrom
دِيَـٰرِهِمْdiyārihimtheir homes
لِأَوَّلِli-awwaliat (the) first
ٱلْحَشْرِ ۚl-ḥashrigathering
مَاNot
ظَنَنتُمْẓanantumyou think
أَنanthat
يَخْرُجُوا۟ ۖyakhrujūthey would leave
وَظَنُّوٓا۟waẓannūand they thought
أَنَّهُمannahumthat [they]
مَّانِعَتُهُمْmāniʿatuhumwould defend them
حُصُونُهُمḥuṣūnuhumtheir fortresses
مِّنَminaagainst
ٱللَّهِl-lahiAllah
فَأَتَىٰهُمُfa-atāhumuBut came to them
ٱللَّهُl-lahuAllah
مِنْminfrom
حَيْثُḥaythuwhere
لَمْlamnot
يَحْتَسِبُوا۟ ۖyaḥtasibūthey expected
وَقَذَفَwaqadhafaand He cast
فِىinto
قُلُوبِهِمُqulūbihimutheir hearts
ٱلرُّعْبَ ۚl-ruʿ'ba[the] terror
يُخْرِبُونَyukh'ribūnathey destroyed
بُيُوتَهُمbuyūtahumtheir houses
بِأَيْدِيهِمْbi-aydīhimwith their hands
وَأَيْدِىwa-aydīand the hands
ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَl-mu'minīna(of) the believers
فَٱعْتَبِرُوا۟fa-iʿ'tabirūSo take a lesson
يَـٰٓأُو۟لِىyāulīO those endowed
ٱلْأَبْصَـٰرِl-abṣāri(with) insight

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

Which was revealed in Al-MadinahIbn `Abbas used to call this chapter, `Surah Bani An-Nadir.' Sa`id bin Mansur recorded that Sa`id bin Jubayr said, "I asked Ibn `Abbas about Surat Al-Hashr and he said, `It was revealed about Bani An-Nadir."' Al-Bukhari and Muslim recorded it using another chain of narration from Ibn `Abbas. Al-Bukhari also recorded it from Abu `Awanah, from Abu Bishr from Sa`id bin Jubayr, who said, "I asked Ibn `Abbas, `Surat Al-Hashr' He said, `Surah Bani An-Nadir.

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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