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An-Nisa (The Women)

Verse 90of 176

إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ إِلَىٰ قَوْمٍۭ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٌ أَوْ جَآءُوكُمْ حَصِرَتْ صُدُورُهُمْ أَن يُقَٰتِلُوكُمْ أَوْ يُقَٰتِلُوا۟ قَوْمَهُمْ ۚ وَلَوْ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَسَلَّطَهُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ فَلَقَٰتَلُوكُمْ ۚ فَإِنِ ٱعْتَزَلُوكُمْ فَلَمْ يُقَٰتِلُوكُمْ وَأَلْقَوْا۟ إِلَيْكُمُ ٱلسَّلَمَ فَمَا جَعَلَ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ سَبِيلًۭا﴿٩٠

Translation (Sahih International)

Except for those who take refuge with a people between yourselves and whom is a treaty or those who come to you, their hearts strained at [the prospect of] fighting you or fighting their own people. And if Allah had willed, He could have given them power over you, and they would have fought you. So if they remove themselves from you and do not fight you and offer you peace, then Allah has not made for you a cause [for fighting] against them.

Word-by-word meaning

إِلَّاillāExcept
ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose who
يَصِلُونَyaṣilūnajoin
إِلَىٰilā[to]
قَوْمٍۭqawmina group
بَيْنَكُمْbaynakumbetween you
وَبَيْنَهُمwabaynahumand between them
مِّيثَـٰقٌmīthāqun(is) a treaty
أَوْawor
جَآءُوكُمْjāūkumthose who come to you
حَصِرَتْḥaṣiratrestraining
صُدُورُهُمْṣudūruhumtheir hearts
أَنanthat
يُقَـٰتِلُوكُمْyuqātilūkumthey fight you
أَوْawor
يُقَـٰتِلُوا۟yuqātilūthey fight
قَوْمَهُمْ ۚqawmahumtheir people
وَلَوْwalawAnd if
شَآءَshāa(had) willed
ٱللَّهُl-lahuAllah
لَسَلَّطَهُمْlasallaṭahumsurely He (would have) given them power
عَلَيْكُمْʿalaykumover you
فَلَقَـٰتَلُوكُمْ ۚfalaqātalūkumand surely they (would have) fought you
فَإِنِfa-iniSo if
ٱعْتَزَلُوكُمْiʿ'tazalūkumthey withdraw from you
فَلَمْfalamand (do) not
يُقَـٰتِلُوكُمْyuqātilūkumfight against you
وَأَلْقَوْا۟wa-alqawand offer
إِلَيْكُمُilaykumuto you
ٱلسَّلَمَl-salama[the] peace
فَمَاfamāthen not
جَعَلَjaʿala(has) made
ٱللَّهُl-lahuAllah
لَكُمْlakumfor you
عَلَيْهِمْʿalayhimagainst them
سَبِيلًۭاsabīlana way

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

Censuring the Companions for Disagreeing over the Hypocrites who Returned to Al-Madinah Before UhudAllah criticizes the believers for disagreeing over the hypocrites. There are conflicting opinions over the reason behind revealing this Ayah. Imam Ahmad recorded that Zayd bin Thabit said that Messenger of Allah ﷺ marched towards Uhud.

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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