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At-Tawbah (The Repentance)

Verse 122of 129

۞ وَمَا كَانَ ٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ لِيَنفِرُوا۟ كَآفَّةًۭ ۚ فَلَوْلَا نَفَرَ مِن كُلِّ فِرْقَةٍۢ مِّنْهُمْ طَآئِفَةٌۭ لِّيَتَفَقَّهُوا۟ فِى ٱلدِّينِ وَلِيُنذِرُوا۟ قَوْمَهُمْ إِذَا رَجَعُوٓا۟ إِلَيْهِمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَحْذَرُونَ﴿١٢٢

Translation (Sahih International)

And it is not for the believers to go forth [to battle] all at once. For there should separate from every division of them a group [remaining] to obtain understanding in the religion and warn their people when they return to them that they might be cautious.

Word-by-word meaning

۞ وَمَاwamāAnd not
كَانَkānais
ٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَl-mu'minūna(for) the believers
لِيَنفِرُوا۟liyanfirūthat they go forth
كَآفَّةًۭ ۚkāffatanall together
فَلَوْلَاfalawlāSo if not
نَفَرَnafarago forth
مِنminfrom
كُلِّkullievery
فِرْقَةٍۢfir'qatingroup
مِّنْهُمْmin'humamong them
طَآئِفَةٌۭṭāifatuna party
لِّيَتَفَقَّهُوا۟liyatafaqqahūthat they may obtain understanding
فِىin
ٱلدِّينِl-dīnithe religion
وَلِيُنذِرُوا۟waliyundhirūand that they may warn
قَوْمَهُمْqawmahumtheir people
إِذَاidhāwhen
رَجَعُوٓا۟rajaʿūthey return
إِلَيْهِمْilayhimto them
لَعَلَّهُمْlaʿallahumso that they may
يَحْذَرُونَyaḥdharūnabeware

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

Allah the Exalted here explains His order to Muslims to march forth with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for the battle of Tabuk.We should first mention that a group of the Salaf said that marching along with the Messenger ﷺ, when he went to battle, was at first obliged on all Muslims, because, as they say, Allah said,انْفِرُواْ خِفَافًا وَثِقَالاً(March forth, whether you are light or heavy) 9:41, and,مَا كَانَ لأَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ وَمَنْ حَوْلَهُمْ مِّنَ الاٌّعْرَابِ(It was not becoming of the people...

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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