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At-Tawbah (The Repentance)

Verse 43of 129

عَفَا ٱللَّهُ عَنكَ لِمَ أَذِنتَ لَهُمْ حَتَّىٰ يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكَ ٱلَّذِينَ صَدَقُوا۟ وَتَعْلَمَ ٱلْكَٰذِبِينَ﴿٤٣

Translation (Sahih International)

May Allah pardon you, [O Muhammad]; why did you give them permission [to remain behind]? [You should not have] until it was evident to you who were truthful and you knew [who were] the liars.

Word-by-word meaning

عَفَاʿafā(May) Allah forgive
ٱللَّهُl-lahu(May) Allah forgive
عَنكَʿankayou
لِمَlimaWhy (did)
أَذِنتَadhintayou grant leave
لَهُمْlahumto them
حَتَّىٰḥattāuntil
يَتَبَيَّنَyatabayyana(became) evident
لَكَlakato you
ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose who
صَدَقُوا۟ṣadaqūwere truthful
وَتَعْلَمَwataʿlamaand you knew
ٱلْكَـٰذِبِينَl-kādhibīnathe liars

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

Moderately criticizing the Prophet for allowing the Hypocrites to stay behindIbn Abi Hatim recorded that `Awn said, "Have you heard criticism softer than this, starting with forgiveness before criticism,عَفَا اللَّهُ عَنكَ لِمَ أَذِنتَ لَهُمْ(May Allah forgive you. Why did you grant them leave...)" Muwarriq Al-`Ijli and others said similarly.

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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