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At-Tawbah (The Repentance)

Verse 8of 129

كَيْفَ وَإِن يَظْهَرُوا۟ عَلَيْكُمْ لَا يَرْقُبُوا۟ فِيكُمْ إِلًّۭا وَلَا ذِمَّةًۭ ۚ يُرْضُونَكُم بِأَفْوَٰهِهِمْ وَتَأْبَىٰ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ فَٰسِقُونَ﴿٨﴾

Translation (Sahih International)

How [can there be a treaty] while, if they gain dominance over you, they do not observe concerning you any pact of kinship or covenant of protection? They satisfy you with their mouths, but their hearts refuse [compliance], and most of them are defiantly disobedient.

Word-by-word meaning

كَيْفَkayfaHow
وَإِنwa-inwhile, if
يَظْهَرُوا۟yaẓharūthey gain dominance
عَلَيْكُمْʿalaykumover you
لَاlāthey do not regard (the ties)
يَرْقُبُوا۟yarqubūthey do not regard (the ties)
فِيكُمْfīkumwith you
إِلًّۭاillan(of) kinship
وَلَاwalāand not
ذِمَّةًۭ ۚdhimmatancovenant of protection
يُرْضُونَكُمyur'ḍūnakumThey satisfy you
بِأَفْوَٰهِهِمْbi-afwāhihimwith their mouths
وَتَأْبَىٰwatabābut refuse
قُلُوبُهُمْqulūbuhumtheir hearts
وَأَكْثَرُهُمْwa-aktharuhumand most of them
فَـٰسِقُونَfāsiqūna(are) defiantly disobedient

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

Allah encourages the believers to show enmity to the idolators andto dissociate from them, affirming that they do not deserve to enjoy a covenant of peace, because of their Shirk in Allah and disbelief in Allah's Messenger ﷺ.

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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