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At-Tawbah (The Repentance)

Verse 81of 129

فَرِحَ ٱلْمُخَلَّفُونَ بِمَقْعَدِهِمْ خِلَٰفَ رَسُولِ ٱللَّهِ وَكَرِهُوٓا۟ أَن يُجَٰهِدُوا۟ بِأَمْوَٰلِهِمْ وَأَنفُسِهِمْ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَقَالُوا۟ لَا تَنفِرُوا۟ فِى ٱلْحَرِّ ۗ قُلْ نَارُ جَهَنَّمَ أَشَدُّ حَرًّۭا ۚ لَّوْ كَانُوا۟ يَفْقَهُونَ﴿٨١

Translation (Sahih International)

Those who remained behind rejoiced in their staying [at home] after [the departure of] the Messenger of Allah and disliked to strive with their wealth and their lives in the cause of Allah and said, "Do not go forth in the heat." Say, "The fire of Hell is more intensive in heat" - if they would but understand.

Word-by-word meaning

فَرِحَfariḥaRejoice
ٱلْمُخَلَّفُونَl-mukhalafūnathose who remained behind
بِمَقْعَدِهِمْbimaqʿadihimin their staying
خِلَـٰفَkhilāfabehind
رَسُولِrasūli(the) Messenger
ٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) Allah
وَكَرِهُوٓا۟wakarihūand they disliked
أَنanto
يُجَـٰهِدُوا۟yujāhidūstrive
بِأَمْوَٰلِهِمْbi-amwālihimwith their wealth
وَأَنفُسِهِمْwa-anfusihimand their lives
فِىin
سَبِيلِsabīli(the) way
ٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) Allah
وَقَالُوا۟waqālūand they said
لَا(Do) not
تَنفِرُوا۟tanfirūgo forth
فِىin
ٱلْحَرِّ ۗl-ḥarithe heat
قُلْqulSay
نَارُnāru(The) Fire
جَهَنَّمَjahannama(of) Hell
أَشَدُّashaddu(is) more intense
حَرًّۭا ۚḥarran(in) heat
لَّوْlawIf (only)
كَانُوا۟kānūthey could
يَفْقَهُونَyafqahūnaunderstand

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

Hypocrites rejoice because They remained behind from Tabuk!Allah admonishes the hypocrites who lagged behind from the battle of Tabuk with the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, rejoicing that they remained behind after the Messenger ﷺ departed for the battle,وَكَرِهُواْ أَن يُجَـهِدُواْ(they hated to strive and fight), along with the Messenger ,بِأَمْوَلِهِمْ وَأَنْفُسِهِمْ فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَقَالُواْ(with their properties and their lives in the cause of Allah, and they said), to each o...

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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