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Al-Mumtahanah (She That is to be Examined)

Verse 10of 13

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِذَا جَآءَكُمُ ٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتُ مُهَٰجِرَٰتٍۢ فَٱمْتَحِنُوهُنَّ ۖ ٱللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِإِيمَٰنِهِنَّ ۖ فَإِنْ عَلِمْتُمُوهُنَّ مُؤْمِنَٰتٍۢ فَلَا تَرْجِعُوهُنَّ إِلَى ٱلْكُفَّارِ ۖ لَا هُنَّ حِلٌّۭ لَّهُمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحِلُّونَ لَهُنَّ ۖ وَءَاتُوهُم مَّآ أَنفَقُوا۟ ۚ وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ أَن تَنكِحُوهُنَّ إِذَآ ءَاتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ ۚ وَلَا تُمْسِكُوا۟ بِعِصَمِ ٱلْكَوَافِرِ وَسْـَٔلُوا۟ مَآ أَنفَقْتُمْ وَلْيَسْـَٔلُوا۟ مَآ أَنفَقُوا۟ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ حُكْمُ ٱللَّهِ ۖ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَكُمْ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌۭ﴿١٠

Translation (Sahih International)

O you who have believed, when the believing women come to you as emigrants, examine them. Allah is most knowing as to their faith. And if you know them to be believers, then do not return them to the disbelievers; they are not lawful [wives] for them, nor are they lawful [husbands] for them. But give the disbelievers what they have spent. And there is no blame upon you if you marry them when you have given them their due compensation. And hold not to marriage bonds with disbelieving women, but ask for what you have spent and let them ask for what they have spent. That is the judgement of Allah; He judges between you. And Allah is Knowing and Wise.

Word-by-word meaning

يَـٰٓأَيُّهَاyāayyuhāO you
ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnawho
ءَامَنُوٓا۟āmanūbelieve
إِذَاidhāWhen
جَآءَكُمُjāakumucome to you
ٱلْمُؤْمِنَـٰتُl-mu'minātuthe believing women
مُهَـٰجِرَٰتٍۢmuhājirātin(as) emigrants
فَٱمْتَحِنُوهُنَّ ۖfa-im'taḥinūhunnathen examine them
ٱللَّهُl-lahuAllah
أَعْلَمُaʿlamu(is) most knowing
بِإِيمَـٰنِهِنَّ ۖbiīmānihinnaof their faith
فَإِنْfa-inAnd if
عَلِمْتُمُوهُنَّʿalim'tumūhunnayou know them
مُؤْمِنَـٰتٍۢmu'minātin(to be) believers
فَلَاfalāthen (do) not
تَرْجِعُوهُنَّtarjiʿūhunnareturn them
إِلَىilāto
ٱلْكُفَّارِ ۖl-kufārithe disbelievers
لَاNot
هُنَّhunnathey
حِلٌّۭḥillun(are) lawful
لَّهُمْlahumfor them
وَلَاwalāand not
هُمْhumthey
يَحِلُّونَyaḥillūnaare lawful
لَهُنَّ ۖlahunnafor them
وَءَاتُوهُمwaātūhumBut give them
مَّآwhat
أَنفَقُوا۟ ۚanfaqūthey have spent
وَلَاwalāAnd not
جُنَاحَjunāḥaany blame
عَلَيْكُمْʿalaykumupon you
أَنanif
تَنكِحُوهُنَّtankiḥūhunnayou marry them
إِذَآidhāwhen
ءَاتَيْتُمُوهُنَّātaytumūhunnayou have given them
أُجُورَهُنَّ ۚujūrahunnatheir (bridal) dues
وَلَاwalāAnd (do) not
تُمْسِكُوا۟tum'sikūhold
بِعِصَمِbiʿiṣamito marriage bonds
ٱلْكَوَافِرِl-kawāfiri(with) disbelieving women
وَسْـَٔلُوا۟wasalūbut ask (for)
مَآwhat
أَنفَقْتُمْanfaqtumyou have spent
وَلْيَسْـَٔلُوا۟walyasalūand let them ask
مَآwhat
أَنفَقُوا۟ ۚanfaqūthey have spent
ذَٰلِكُمْdhālikumThat
حُكْمُḥuk'mu(is the) Judgment
ٱللَّهِ ۖl-lahi(of) Allah
يَحْكُمُyaḥkumuHe judges
بَيْنَكُمْ ۚbaynakumbetween you
وَٱللَّهُwal-lahuAnd Allah
عَلِيمٌʿalīmun(is) All-Knowing
حَكِيمٌۭḥakīmunAll-Wise

Commentary (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

Perhaps Allah will make a Friendship between You and Those, whom You hold as EnemiesAllah said to His faithful servants, after ordering them to be enemies with the disbelievers,عَسَى اللَّهُ أَن يَجْعَلَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ الَّذِينَ عَادَيْتُم مِّنْهُم مَّوَدَّةً(Perhaps Allah will make friendship between you and those, whom you hold as enemies.

Source: Tafsir Ibn Kathir — abridged excerpt

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